Mobile App Wireframe Kit: Architecture Plan (Step 1 of 3)

This document outlines the architectural plan for developing a comprehensive Mobile App Wireframe Kit. This foundational step defines the structure, core components, and organizational principles that will guide the creation of the kit, ensuring it is robust, scalable, and highly usable for generating mobile application wireframes.

1. Kit Overview and Objectives

1.1 Purpose

The primary purpose of this Mobile App Wireframe Kit is to provide a standardized, efficient, and comprehensive set of tools for designers to rapidly create, iterate, and communicate mobile application layouts and user flows. It aims to streamline the early-stage design process by offering pre-built, customizable components that adhere to common mobile UI/UX patterns.

1.2 Target Audience

• UX/UI Designers
• Product Managers
• Business Analysts
• Developers (for understanding proposed layouts and flows)

1.3 Key Objectives

• Efficiency: Enable rapid wireframe creation and iteration.
• Consistency: Promote consistent design language and interaction patterns across projects.
• Clarity: Improve communication of design concepts and user flows.
• Scalability: Allow for easy expansion with new components and patterns.
• Developer Handoff Readiness: Lay the groundwork for easier transition to high-fidelity design and development.

2. Core Architectural Principles

2.1 Modularity

The kit will be built using modular components, allowing for easy assembly, customization, and reuse. Each component will be self-contained and designed to work independently or in combination with others.

2.2 Atomic Design Methodology (Adapted)

While not strictly implementing all "atoms, molecules, organisms" of atomic design, the kit will adopt a similar hierarchical approach to component organization:

• Basic Elements: Fundamental UI controls (buttons, text fields).
• Combined Elements: Groupings of basic elements (search bars, navigation items).
• Sections/Templates: Larger UI blocks or common screen layouts (headers, footers, card layouts).

2.3 Customizability

Components will be designed with readily adjustable properties (e.g., text labels, icons, states) to accommodate diverse project requirements without requiring extensive modifications to the core component.

2.4 Platform Agnosticism (Initial Focus)

The initial kit will focus on common mobile UI patterns that are largely platform-agnostic (iOS & Android). Where necessary, notes or alternative components will be provided for platform-specific differences, but the core will be universal.

3. Component Library Structure

The component library will be the backbone of the wireframe kit. It will be organized into logical categories to facilitate easy navigation and usage.

3.1 Categorization Strategy

Components will be grouped into the following primary categories:

• A. Basic Elements:

* Text (Headings, Body Text, Labels)

* Buttons (Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Icon Buttons)

* Icons (Common action icons, navigation icons)

* Input Fields (Text, Password, Number, Email)

* Checkboxes & Radio Buttons

* Toggles/Switches

* Sliders

* Progress Indicators (Linear, Circular)

* Dividers/Separators

• B. Navigation:

* Tab Bars (Bottom Navigation)

* Navigation Bars (Top App Bars, Toolbars)

* Drawers/Side Menus

* Breadcrumbs

* Pagination

• C. Forms & Inputs:

* Text Areas

* Dropdowns/Select Menus

* Date/Time Pickers

* Search Bars

* Steppers (Quantity selectors)

* Form Groups (Label + Input combinations)

• D. Content Display:

* Cards (Basic, Image-heavy, Actionable)

* Lists (Simple, Avatar, Icon, Actionable)

* Image Placeholders

* Video Placeholders

* Accordions/Expandable Panels

* Carousels/Sliders

* Empty States

• E. Feedback & Overlays:

* Toasts/Snackbars

* Alert Dialogs (Confirmation, Information)

* Action Sheets/Modals

* Loading States/Spinners

* Tooltips

• F. Layout & Structure:

* Grids (e.g., 12-column, 8pt baseline)

* Spacers/Dividers

* Containers/Panels

* Scroll Areas

3.2 Component States

Each interactive component will include defined states to represent common user interactions:

• Default
• Hover (where applicable, e.g., web-like interactions on larger mobile devices)
• Pressed/Active
• Disabled
• Focus (for input fields)
• Error/Validation

4. Screen Flow Definition and Patterns

The kit will provide tools and guidelines for constructing clear and comprehensible user flows.

4.1 Flow Connectors

• Arrows: Various types of arrows (directional, conditional) to link screens and indicate flow.
• Labels: Text labels for connectors to describe actions or conditions (e.g., "Tap 'Login'", "On Success").

4.2 Common Flow Patterns

Templates or examples will be provided for frequently used mobile app flows:

• Onboarding: Sign-up, Login, Walkthroughs.
• Navigation: Primary navigation paths through the app.
• Task Completion: E.g., Adding an item to a cart, booking an appointment.
• Error Handling: How errors are presented and resolved.
• Search & Filter: User journey for finding and refining content.

4.3 Wireframe Templates

Pre-designed wireframe templates for common screen types will be included to jumpstart design:

• Login/Sign-up Screen
• Home/Dashboard Screen
• Profile Screen
• Settings Screen
• List View Screen
• Detail View Screen
• Form Screen

5. Interaction Patterns

While wireframes are low-fidelity, representing fundamental interaction patterns is crucial.

5.1 Basic Interactions

• Tap/Click: Represented by linking components to subsequent screens or states.
• Swipe: Indicated with directional arrows over content areas (e.g., image carousels, dismissible items).
• Scroll: Indicated by scrollbars or specific notations on content areas.
• Pinch/Zoom: Conceptual representation where relevant (e.g., map views, image galleries).

5.2 Micro-interactions (Conceptual)

For micro-interactions that are hard to represent visually in static wireframes, the kit will include:

• Annotation Markers: Placeholder elements for designers to add textual notes detailing specific micro-interactions (e.g., "Tap to reveal animation").
• Standardized Note Blocks: Dedicated sections for detailing interaction behavior on a per-screen or per-component basis.

6. Naming Conventions and Organization

Consistent naming and organization are critical for usability and maintainability.

6.1 Layer and Component Naming

• Page/Screen Naming: [FeatureArea]/[ScreenName], e.g., Auth/Login, Home/Dashboard.
• Component Naming: [Category]/[ComponentName]/[State], e.g., Button/Primary/Default, Input/Text/Error.
• Instance Naming: When using a component, instances will retain the component name, with specific overrides noted.

6.2 File and Folder Structure

• Main Kit File: Contains all master components.
• Project Files: Individual project files will link to the main kit.
• Component Pages/Artboards: Within the kit file, components will be organized into pages/artboards matching the categories in Section 3.1.
• Flow Pages/Artboards: Dedicated sections for demonstrating common flows.

7. Developer Handoff Considerations (Architectural)

While detailed handoff notes come in later steps, this architecture plan considers the following to facilitate a smoother handoff:

7.1 Grid System & Spacing

• 8pt Grid System: Components will be designed to align with an 8pt baseline grid for consistent spacing and sizing.
• Standard Spacing Units: Definition of common spacing values (e.g., 8px, 16px, 24px, 32px) for margins, padding, and gaps.

7.2 Typographic Scale

• Defined Type Scale: A clear typographic hierarchy (e.g., H1, H2, Body, Caption) will be established, though specific fonts will be low-fidelity (e.g., Arial, Roboto placeholder).

7.3 Accessibility (Basic)

• Clear Labeling: Components will support clear and unambiguous labeling.
• Contrast (Conceptual): While colors are grayscale in wireframes, the structure will allow for easy color application later while considering contrast.

8. Tooling Considerations

This architecture is designed to be largely tool-agnostic, but it is optimized for modern vector-based design tools that support robust component libraries and master components (e.g., Figma, Sketch, Adobe XD). The principles of shared styles, auto-layout, and variants will be leveraged.

This architectural plan provides a solid foundation for the subsequent steps of developing the Mobile App Wireframe Kit. The next steps will involve the detailed design and creation of these components and templates.

This deliverable provides a comprehensive mobile app wireframe specification in a machine-readable JSON format. This specification details the application's structure, screen flows, reusable UI components, interaction patterns, and critical developer handoff notes. It serves as a foundational blueprint for development, ensuring clarity and consistency across the project lifecycle.

Mobile App Wireframe Specification: TaskFlow

1. Overview

This document outlines the wireframe specification for "TaskFlow," a mobile application designed to help users manage their daily tasks efficiently. The specification includes a global component library, defined interaction patterns, detailed screen layouts, and user flows, all structured for easy interpretation and implementation.

2. Wireframe Specification (JSON Code)

The following JSON code represents the complete wireframe specification for the TaskFlow application.

{
  "appName": "TaskFlow",
  "version": "1.0.0-wireframe",
  "description": "A mobile application for efficient task management, allowing users to add, track, and complete tasks.",
  "targetAudience": "Individuals seeking to organize their daily to-do lists and improve productivity.",
  "goals": [
    "Enable quick task creation and management.",
    "Provide clear visibility into upcoming and completed tasks.",
    "Facilitate intuitive navigation and user interaction."
  ],
  "componentLibrary": {
    "buttons": [
      {
        "id": "btn-primary",
        "name": "Primary Button",
        "type": "Button",
        "properties": {
          "style": "primary",
          "height": "48px",
          "borderRadius": "8px",
          "backgroundColor": "#007AFF",
          "textColor": "#FFFFFF",
          "fontWeight": "bold"
        },
        "states": [
          {"name": "Default", "description": "Normal, clickable state"},
          {"name": "Pressed", "description": "Visual feedback when tapped"},
          {"name": "Disabled", "description": "Inactive, unclickable state"}
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "btn-secondary",
        "name": "Secondary Button",
        "type": "Button",
        "properties": {
          "style": "secondary",
          "height": "48px",
          "borderRadius": "8px",
          "backgroundColor": "#EAEAEA",
          "textColor": "#333333",
          "fontWeight": "normal"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "btn-icon-only",
        "name": "Icon-Only Button",
        "type": "IconButton",
        "properties": {
          "size": "24px",
          "color": "#666666",
          "backgroundColor": "transparent"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "btn-fab",
        "name": "Floating Action Button",
        "type": "FAB",
        "properties": {
          "size": "56px",
          "borderRadius": "50%",
          "backgroundColor": "#007AFF",
          "iconColor": "#FFFFFF",
          "elevation": "4dp"
        }
      }
    ],
    "inputs": [
      {
        "id": "input-text",
        "name": "Text Input Field",
        "type": "TextInput",
        "properties": {
          "height": "48px",
          "borderRadius": "8px",
          "borderColor": "#CCCCCC",
          "borderWidth": "1px",
          "padding": "0 12px",
          "fontSize": "16px",
          "textColor": "#333333",
          "placeholderColor": "#999999"
        },
        "states": [
          {"name": "Default", "description": "Empty, unfocused"},
          {"name": "Focused", "description": "Active, ready for input"},
          {"name": "Filled", "description": "Contains text"},
          {"name": "Error", "description": "Invalid input"}
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "input-date",
        "name": "Date Picker Input",
        "type": "DatePickerInput",
        "properties": {
          "inherits": "input-text",
          "icon": "calendar",
          "readOnly": true
        }
      }
    ],
    "navigation": [
      {
        "id": "nav-bottom",
        "name": "Bottom Navigation Bar",
        "type": "BottomNavBar",
        "properties": {
          "height": "56px",
          "backgroundColor": "#FFFFFF",
          "elevation": "8dp",
          "itemColor": "#999999",
          "selectedItemColor": "#007AFF"
        },
        "items": [
          {"label": "Tasks", "icon": "list", "route": "/tasks"},
          {"label": "Calendar", "icon": "calendar", "route": "/calendar"},
          {"label": "Settings", "icon": "settings", "route": "/settings"}
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "nav-header",
        "name": "App Header Bar",
        "type": "HeaderBar",
        "properties": {
          "height": "56px",
          "backgroundColor": "#FFFFFF",
          "elevation": "2dp",
          "textColor": "#333333",
          "fontSize": "18px",
          "fontWeight": "bold"
        }
      }
    ],
    "cards": [
      {
        "id": "card-task",
        "name": "Task Item Card",
        "type": "Card",
        "properties": {
          "backgroundColor": "#FFFFFF",
          "borderRadius": "12px",
          "padding": "16px",
          "elevation": "2dp",
          "marginVertical": "8px"
        },
        "structure": [
          {"type": "Text", "role": "title", "fontSize": "18px", "fontWeight": "bold"},
          {"type": "Text", "role": "dueDate", "fontSize": "14px", "color": "#666666"},
          {"type": "Checkbox", "role": "completionToggle", "alignment": "right"}
        ]
      }
    ],
    "icons": [
      {"id": "icon-add", "name": "Add", "path": "M12 4v16m-8-8h16"},
      {"id": "icon-list", "name": "List", "path": "M4 6h16M4 12h16M4 18h16"},
      {"id": "icon-calendar", "name": "Calendar", "path": "M16 2v2H8V2H6v2H4c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h16c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V6c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2h-2V2h-2zm2 18H4V8h16v12zM4 6h16v2H4V6zm0 0h16v2H4V6zm0 0h16v2H4V6z"},
      {"id": "icon-settings", "name": "Settings", "path": "M19.43 12.98c.04-.32.07-.64.07-.98s-.03-.66-.07-.98l2.11-1.65c.19-.15.24-.42.12-.64l-2-3.46c-.12-.22-.39-.3-.61-.22l-2.49 1c-.52-.4-1.07-.73-1.66-.98l-.35-2.5c-.05-.24-.24-.41-.48-.41h-4c-.24 0-.43.17-.47.41l-.35 2.5c-.59.25-1.14.58-1.66.98l-2.49-1c-.22-.09-.49 0-.61.22l-2 3.46c-.12.22-.07.49.12.64l2.11 1.65c-.04.32-.07.65-.07.98s.03.66.07.98l-2.11 1.65c-.19.15-.24.42-.12.64l2 3.46c.12.22.39.3.61.22l2.49-1c.52.4 1.07.73 1.66.98l.35 2.5c.05.24.24.41.48.41h4c.24 0 .43-.17.47-.41l.35-2.5c.59-.25 1.14-.58 1.66-.98l2.49 1c.22.09.49 0 .61-.22l2-3.46

As a professional AI assistant, I have generated the complete mobile app wireframe specification based on your request. This document outlines the core structure, functionality, and user interactions for your mobile application, serving as a foundational blueprint for design and development.

Mobile App Wireframe Specification: Core Functionality

Date: October 26, 2023

Version: 1.0

Prepared For: [Customer Name/Organization]

1. Executive Summary

This document provides a comprehensive wireframe specification for your mobile application, detailing key screen flows, a standardized component library, common interaction patterns, and essential developer handoff notes. The purpose of this specification is to establish a clear, functional blueprint for the application, ensuring alignment across design, development, and stakeholder teams. It serves as a critical deliverable for understanding user journeys and system behavior at a foundational level, prior to visual design.

2. Core Screen Flows

The following screen flows illustrate the primary user journeys within the application. Each flow describes the sequence of screens and user actions required to complete a specific task or achieve a goal.

Note: Visual flowcharts and individual screen wireframes (e.g., in Figma, Sketch, or Adobe XD) accompany this document for visual reference.

2.1. Flow 1: User Onboarding & Account Creation

This flow guides new users through the initial setup process, from first launch to account creation and basic profile setup.

• 1.1. Splash Screen:

* Purpose: Briefly display app branding while content loads.

* Interaction: Automatic transition after 2-3 seconds.

• 1.2. Welcome/Onboarding Carousel (3 screens):

* Purpose: Introduce key app features and benefits.

* Interaction: User swipes horizontally to navigate between screens. Each screen has a "Skip" button and a "Next" button.

• 1.3. Sign Up / Login Screen:

* Purpose: Allow users to create a new account or log in to an existing one.

* Interaction:

* "Sign Up" button leads to "Create Account Screen".

* "Login" button leads to "Login Screen".

* "Continue with Google/Apple" buttons for quick authentication.

* "Forgot Password" link leads to password recovery flow.

• 1.4. Create Account Screen:

* Purpose: Capture essential user details for new account registration.

* Interaction: User inputs Email, Password, Confirm Password. "Create Account" button submits data.

• 1.5. Login Screen:

* Purpose: Authenticate existing users.

* Interaction: User inputs Email/Username, Password. "Login" button submits data.

• 1.6. Profile Setup Screen (Initial):

* Purpose: Gather initial profile information post-registration/login.

* Interaction: User inputs Name, selects Avatar, optionally adds interests. "Complete Profile" button proceeds to Home Screen. "Skip for now" button also proceeds to Home Screen.

• 1.7. Home Screen:

* Purpose: Main application dashboard, displaying personalized content or primary features.

* Interaction: This is the default landing screen after successful onboarding.

2.2. Flow 2: Product Browsing & Detail View

This flow outlines how users discover products, view their details, and add them to a cart.

• 2.1. Home Screen:

* Purpose: Display featured products, categories, or personalized recommendations.

* Interaction:

* Tapping on a product card leads to "Product Detail Screen".

* Tapping on a category card leads to "Product List Screen (Filtered)".

* Search bar leads to "Search Results Screen".

* Bottom Navigation Bar allows access to other main sections (e.g., Categories, Cart, Profile).

• 2.2. Product List Screen:

* Purpose: Display a list of products, typically filtered by category or search query.

* Interaction:

* Scrolling loads more products (infinite scroll).

* "Filter" button opens a "Filter/Sort Modal".

* Tapping on a product list item leads to "Product Detail Screen".

• 2.3. Filter/Sort Modal:

* Purpose: Allow users to refine the product list based on various criteria.

* Interaction: User selects/deselects filters (checkboxes, radio buttons, sliders). "Apply Filters" button updates the "Product List Screen". "Clear All" resets filters.

• 2.4. Product Detail Screen:

* Purpose: Display comprehensive information about a single product.

* Interaction:

* Swipeable image gallery for product photos.

* "Select Size/Color" (if applicable) opens a selection modal.

* "Add to Cart" button, which, upon tap, provides visual feedback (e.g., a toast message) and updates the cart icon badge.

* "Favorite" icon (toggle state).

* "Share" icon.

* Scroll to view product description, reviews, related products.

3. Component Library

This section defines the standard UI components used throughout the application, ensuring consistency and reusability. Each component includes a description, typical usage, and relevant states.

3.1. Navigation Components

• Top App Bar (Header):

* Description: Fixed bar at the top of the screen.

* Usage: Displays screen title, back button, actions (e.g., search, notifications, profile icon).

* States: Default, with back button, with actions, transparent (on scroll).

• Bottom Navigation Bar:

* Description: Fixed bar at the bottom with 3-5 primary destination icons.

* Usage: Quick access to main app sections (e.g., Home, Categories, Cart, Profile).

* States: Default (inactive icons), Active (highlighted icon/label for current screen).

• Tabs:

* Description: Horizontal row of clickable items to switch between different views within the same screen.

* Usage: Filtering content, switching sub-sections (e.g., "All," "Active," "Completed" tasks).

* States: Default (inactive), Active (highlighted/underlined), Disabled.

• Drawer Menu (Hamburger Menu):

* Description: Side panel that slides in from the left/right, revealing navigation links.

* Usage: For secondary navigation or settings not fitting in the Bottom Nav.

* States: Closed, Open.

3.2. Input Components

• Text Field:

* Description: Area for users to input text.

* Usage: Email, password, search queries, forms.

* States: Default, Focused, Filled, Error, Disabled, Read-only.

• Button:

* Description: Interactive element to trigger an action.

* Usage: Submitting forms, navigating, confirming actions.

* Types: Primary (filled), Secondary (outline), Tertiary (text only), Icon Button.

* States: Default, Hover/Pressed, Disabled, Loading.

• Checkbox:

* Description: Allows selection of multiple options from a set.

* Usage: Agreeing to terms, selecting preferences.

* States: Unchecked, Checked, Indeterminate, Disabled.

• Radio Button:

* Description: Allows selection of a single option from a set.

* Usage: Choosing a payment method, single selection from a list.

* States: Unselected, Selected, Disabled.

• Dropdown/Spinner:

* Description: A list of choices that appears when the user taps on it.

* Usage: Selecting from a predefined list (e.g., country, size).

* States: Default (closed), Open (list visible), Disabled.

• Slider:

* Description: Allows selection of a value from a continuous or discrete range.

* Usage: Adjusting volume, brightness, price range.

* States: Default, Active (thumb moved), Disabled.

3.3. Display & Feedback Components

• Card:

* Description: A container for grouping related content and actions.

* Usage: Product listings, news articles, user profiles.

* States: Default, Pressed.

• List Item:

* Description: A single row in a scrollable list.

* Usage: Settings menus, search results, contact lists.

* States: Default, Pressed, Selected.

• Image Placeholder:

* Description: A temporary visual element shown while an image is loading or unavailable.

* Usage: Product images, user avatars.

* States: Loading (spinner), Error (broken image icon), Default (blank).

• Progress Indicator (Spinner/Bar):

* Description: Visual feedback indicating a process is ongoing.

* Usage: Loading content, submitting forms.

* Types: Indeterminate (spinner), Determinate (progress bar).

• Toast/Snackbar:

* Description: Brief, non-intrusive messages appearing temporarily at the bottom of the screen.

* Usage: Confirmation of actions (e.g., "Item added to cart"), brief error messages.

* States: Visible (auto-dismisses), Hidden.

• Modal/Dialog:

* Description: A temporary, blocking UI element that requires user interaction before proceeding.

* Usage: Confirming destructive actions, displaying important alerts, collecting quick input.

* Types: Alert Dialog, Confirmation Dialog, Full-screen Modal.

* States: Visible, Hidden.

4. Interaction Patterns

This section details common interaction patterns that define how users engage with the application and how the system responds.

• 4.1. Tap/Click:

* Action: Single, brief touch on an interactive element.

* Response: Triggers the primary action associated with the element (e.g., button press, link navigation, item selection).

* Purpose: Most common interaction for direct action.

• 4.2. Swipe (Horizontal):

* Action: Dragging a finger horizontally across the screen.

* Response: Navigates between sibling content (e.g., carousel slides, tabs), dismisses elements, or reveals hidden actions.

* Purpose: Efficient navigation, content exploration.

• 4.3. Swipe (Vertical):

* Action: Dragging a finger vertically across the screen.

* Response: Primarily for scrolling content.

* Purpose: Content exploration, revealing more information.

• 4.4. Pull-to-Refresh:

* Action: Pulling down on the top of a scrollable list/feed and releasing.

* Response: Triggers a refresh of the content, typically indicated by a loading spinner.

* Purpose: Manually update content to see the latest data.

• 4.5. Long Press:

* Action: Pressing and holding a finger on an element for an extended period.

* Response: Reveals secondary actions (e.g., contextual menu, drag-and-drop initiation, selection mode).

* Purpose: Accessing less frequent actions without cluttering the UI.

• 4.6. Modal/Dialog Dismissal:

* Action: Tapping outside the modal content area (if applicable), pressing a "Cancel" or "Close" button within the modal, or using the device's back button.

* Response: The modal disappears, and the underlying screen becomes active again.

* Purpose: Exiting temporary interruptions.

• 4.7. Loading States:

* Action: Initiating an action that requires data fetching or processing.

* Response: Displaying a progress indicator (spinner, skeleton screen, progress bar) over the affected area or globally.

* Purpose: Informing the user that the system is working and preventing further interaction until complete.

5. Developer Handoff Notes

These notes provide crucial guidelines and considerations for the development team to ensure the application is built efficiently, consistently, and to a high standard.

• 5.1. Design System Adherence:

* All UI components and interaction patterns specified in this document are to be implemented consistently across the application.

* Refer to the accompanying design files (e.g., Figma, Sketch, Adobe XD) for exact measurements, typography, color palettes, and spacing.

* Prioritize building reusable components to foster maintainability and scalability.

• 5.2. Responsiveness and Adaptability:

* The application must be responsive and adapt gracefully to various screen sizes and orientations (portrait/landscape, though primarily designed for portrait).

* Consider different device densities (dp/pt units) to ensure visual fidelity.

* Text should wrap appropriately and not be truncated unless explicitly designed to.

• 5.3. Accessibility (A11y):

* Implement proper semantic elements and accessibility labels for all interactive components (e.g., contentDescription for Android, accessibilityLabel for iOS).

* Ensure sufficient color contrast for text and interactive elements.

* Provide clear focus management for keyboard navigation (if applicable) and screen readers.

• 5.4. Performance Considerations:

* Optimize image loading (lazy loading, appropriate compression, WebP/AVIF formats where supported).

* Minimize network requests and utilize caching strategies.

* Ensure smooth animations (60fps target) and transitions to enhance user experience.

* Implement efficient data fetching and rendering for long lists (e.g., virtualized lists).

• 5.5. Error Handling & Empty States:

* Implement clear and user-friendly error messages for all potential failures (e.g., network issues, invalid input, server errors).

*